GUI Controls In Python

In Python, we can create GUI controls using various libraries listed below, 

• Tkinter  (python gui toolkit)
• jpython (provide access of java class libraries in python)
• wxPython (open source toolkit for wxwindow)

In this article we  will focus on Tkinter because tkinter is very easy to use for creating GUI controls and provides object oriented interfaces. Before creating controls,we need to create window form (we used IDLE python 3.5), open a new file to written our source code.(shown in picture below).

 

Now the file is open and we will iwrite our code in this file, let's go.

 

Before creating controls, we create window form, 

1. from tkinter import* #import tkinter module
2. w=Tk() #creating window form
3. w.geometry("600x600") #set hight and width of window form
4. w.title("controls in python") # set tile of windows form

our window form created, we add(create) controls in our windows form

 

Button

 

Button are the tkinter widgets that allow to perform user define funtion on window form like click event  or execute function on button click.

b=Button(w,text="say hello").pack() #creating button

Our button is created on our windows form. 

 

Check Button

 

Check button is a gui control that is used in performing operations on user input and also used for input fixed input form user,

C1 = Checkbutton(w, text = "Music",onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=2,width = 20).pack()#check button
C2 = Checkbutton(w, text = "Video",onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=2,width = 20).pack()#check button

Check button is created on our window form,

 

Entry  & Label

 

Entry is just like a text boxt, entry is used for  input and output. 

 

Label is used for text on windows form,

L1 = Label(w, text="User Name").pack() #label
E1 = Entry(w).pack() # entry

entry and label are created. 

 

List Box

 

The Listbox widget is used to provide a list of options to a user,

L2 = Label(w, text="list box").pack()  #label
Lb1 = Listbox(w)   #list box
Lb1.insert(1, "Python")         # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(2, "c# corner")     # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(3, "C")         # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(4, "PHP")   # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(5, "C#")      # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(6, "asp")    # adding value into list box
Lb1.pack()

list box is created.

 

Menu Button

 

The Menubutton widget is used to display menus in our application.

mb= Menubutton ( w, text="click me", relief=RAISED )
mb.menu = Menu ( mb, tearoff = 0 )
mb["menu"] = mb.menu
a = IntVar()
b = IntVar()
mb.menu.add_checkbutton ( label="AJAY",variable=a )
mb.menu.add_checkbutton ( label="MALIK",variable=b )
mb.pack()

Menubuttion is created.

 

Message 

 

Is just used for dispaly text on window form, 

var = StringVar()
label = Message( w, textvariable=var, relief=RAISED )
var.set("Hey!? How are you doing?")
label.pack()

Message is created

 

Spinbox 

 

Spinbox widget is Tkinter Entry widget, which can be used to select from a fixed number of values.

s = Spinbox(w, from_=0, to=10)
s.pack()

Spinbox is created. 

 

Canvas

 

The Canvas is a rectangular area for drawing pictures or other controls. You can place graphics, text, widgets or frames on a Canvas.

C = Canvas(w, bg="blue", height=250, width=300) # bg for color
coord = 10, 50, 240, 210
arc = C.create_arc(coord, start=0, extent=150, fill="red")
C.pack()

Canvas is created. 

 

Finally we created some GUI controls and our source code for all controls are:

from tkinter import* #import tkinter module
w=Tk() #creating window form
w.geometry("600x600") #set hight and width of window form
w.title("controls in python") # set tile of windows form
b=Button(w,text="say hello") #creating button
b.pack()
C1 = Checkbutton(w, text = "python",onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=2,width = 20).pack()#check button
C2 = Checkbutton(w, text = "C# corner",onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, height=2,width = 20).pack()#check button
L1 = Label(w, text="User Name").pack() #label
E1 = Entry(w).pack() # entry
L2 = Label(w, text="list box").pack() #label
Lb1 = Listbox(w) #list box
Lb1.insert(1, "Python") # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(2, "Perl") # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(3, "C") # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(4, "PHP") # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(5, "JSP") # adding value into list box
Lb1.insert(6, "Ruby") # adding value into list box
Lb1.pack()
mb= Menubutton ( w, text="click me", relief=RAISED )
mb.menu = Menu ( mb, tearoff = 0 )
mb["menu"] = mb.menu
a = IntVar()
b = IntVar()
mb.menu.add_checkbutton ( label="AJAY",variable=a )
mb.menu.add_checkbutton ( label="MALIK",variable=b )
mb.pack()
var = StringVar()
label = Message( w, textvariable=var, relief=RAISED )
var.set("Hey!? How are you doing?")
label.pack()
s = Spinbox(w, from_=0, to=10)
s.pack()
C = Canvas(w, bg="blue", height=250, width=300)
coord = 10, 50, 240, 210
arc = C.create_arc(coord, start=0, extent=150, fill="red")
C.pack()
w.mainloop()

Now run our application (pressed F5). Output is shown in the screenshot below:

 

 

 

Conclusion 

We learnt in this article how to create controls, later on we used these controls and will use their attributes in further articles.