CRUD Operation Of DropDownList Inside GridView In ASP.NET

Nilesh Jadav
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In this tutorial, I’ll show you how to use DropDownList inside GridView, and how to perform edit, update, delete operation on each field along with DropDownList.

INITIAL CHAMBER

Step 1: Open Visual Studio 2010 and create an empty website. Give a suitable name gridview_demo.

Step 2: In Solution Explorer you will get your empty website. Add a web form, SQL Database. By following these steps:
For Web Form

gridview_demo (Your Empty Website) - Right Click, Add New Item, then Web Form. Name it gridview_demo.aspx.

For SQL Server Database

gridview_demo (Your Empty Website) - Right Click, Add New Item, then SQL Server Database. Add Database inside the App_Data_folder.

DATABASE CHAMBER

Step 3: Go to your Database [Database.mdf], we will create a table - tbl_Data. Go to the database.mdf - Table, then Add New table. Design your table like the following:

Table - tbl_data [Don’t forget to make ID - Identity Specification - Yes]

Figure 1: Database

DESIGN CHAMBER

Step 5: Now Open your gridview_demo.aspx file, where we create our design for binding and performing edit, delete, and update operation with dropdownlist.

Gridview_demo.aspx

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False"
AutoGenerateDeleteButton="True" AutoGenerateEditButton="True" DataKeyNames="id"
onrowcancelingedit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit"
onrowdeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" onrowediting="GridView1_RowEditing"
onrowupdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" BackColor="White"
BorderColor="White" BorderStyle="Ridge" BorderWidth="2px" CellPadding="3"
CellSpacing="1" GridLines="None">
<Columns>
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Name">
<EditItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("name") %>'>
</asp:TextBox>
</EditItemTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("name") %>'>
</asp:Label>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Email">
<EditItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox3" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("email") %>'>
</asp:TextBox>
</EditItemTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("email") %>'>
</asp:Label>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Gender">
<EditItemTemplate>
<asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownList2" runat="server"
SelectedValue='<%# Bind("gender") %>'>
<asp:ListItem>--Select Gender--</asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem>Male</asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem>Female</asp:ListItem>
</asp:DropDownList>
</EditItemTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:Label ID="Label4" runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("gender") %>'>
</asp:Label>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
</Columns>
<FooterStyle BackColor="#C6C3C6" ForeColor="Black" />
<HeaderStyle BackColor="#4A3C8C" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#E7E7FF" />
<PagerStyle BackColor="#C6C3C6" ForeColor="Black" HorizontalAlign="Right" />
<RowStyle BackColor="#DEDFDE" ForeColor="Black" />
<SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#9471DE" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<SortedAscendingCellStyle BackColor="#F1F1F1" />
<SortedAscendingHeaderStyle BackColor="#594B9C" />
<SortedDescendingCellStyle BackColor="#CAC9C9" />
<SortedDescendingHeaderStyle BackColor="#33276A" />
</asp:GridView>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

Your design looks like the following:

Figure 2: GridView

You have to look around this Property in GridView:

DataKeysName: id.
Auto Generate Delete Button: True.
Auto Generate Edit Button : True.

In Events: [Make Double Click in each event shown below to go to the code]

Row Cancelling Edit
Row Deleting
Row Editing
Row Updating

Figure 3: Row

CODE CHAMBER

Step 6: Open your gridview_demo.aspx.cs and write some code so that our application starts working.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data;
public partial class _Default: System.Web.UI.Page
{
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(@
"Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\Database.mdf;Integrated Security=True;User Instance=True");
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!Page.IsPostBack)
{
refreshdata();
}
}
public void refreshdata()
{
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from tbl_data", con);
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
sda.Fill(dt);
GridView1.DataSource = dt;
GridView1.DataBind();
}
protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)
{
GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;
refreshdata();
}
protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e)
{
int id = Convert.ToInt16(GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Values["id"].ToString());
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("delete from tbl_data where id = @id", con);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", id);
con.Open();
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
con.Close();
refreshdata();
}
protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e)
{
GridView1.EditIndex = -1;
refreshdata();
}
protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)
{
int id = Convert.ToInt16(GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Values["id"].ToString());
TextBox txtname = GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("TextBox2") as TextBox;
TextBox txtemail = GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("TextBox3") as TextBox;
DropDownList drpgender = GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].FindControl("DropDownList2") as DropDownList;
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("update tbl_data set name=@name, email=@email,gender=@gender where id =@id", con);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@name", txtname.Text);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@email", txtemail.Text);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@gender", drpgender.SelectedItem.Text);
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", id);
con.Open();
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
con.Close();
refreshdata();
}
}