Conditional Statements in C#

A statement that can be executed based on a condition is known as a “Conditional Statement”. The statement is often a block of code.

The following are the 2 types:

1. Conditional Branching
2. Conditional Looping

Conditional Branching

This statement allows you to branch your code depending on whether or not a certain condition is met.

In C# are the following 2 conditional branching statements:

1. IF statement
2. Switch statement

IF Statement

The if statement allows you to test whether or not a specific condition is met.

Syntax

If(<Condition>)
<statements>;
Else if(<Condition>)
<statements>;
---------------------
-----------------------
Else
<statements>;

Example

W.A.P to find the greatest number using an if statement:

using System;
class ifdemo
{
  public static void Main()
  {
  int a,b;
  Console.WriteLine("enter 2 no ");
   a=Int.Parse (Console.ReadLine());
  b=Int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
  if(a>b)
     {
       Console.WriteLine("a is greather");
      }
  else If(a< b)
      {
      Console.WriteLine("b is greather");
      }
  else
     {
    Console.WriteLine("both are Equals");
     }
Console.ReadLine();
}

Switch Statement

The switch statement compares two logical expressions.

Syntax

Switch(<Expression>)
{
Case <Value> :
<stmts>
Break;
-----------------------
-------------------------
------------------------
Default :
<stmts>
Break;
}

 

Note : In the case of the C# Language, using a break after every case block is mandatory, even for the default.

Example

W.A.P to choose a color using a switch case.

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConditionalStatementDemo
{
    class Switchdemo
    {
        int ch;
        public void getdata()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("choose the following color");
            ch = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            switch (ch)
            {
                case 1:
                    Console.WriteLine("you choose Red");
                    break;
                case 2 :
                     Console.WriteLine("you choose Green");
                    break;
                case 3:
                    Console.WriteLine("you choose Pink");
                    break;
                default:
                    Console.WriteLine("you cant choose correct color");
                    break;


            }
        }
        public static void Main()
        {
            Switchdemo obj = new Switchdemo();
            obj.getdata();
            Console.ReadLine();

        }
    }
}

Conditional Loops

 C# provides 4 loops that allow you to execute a block of code repeatedly until a certain condition is met; they are:

• For Loop
• While loop
• Do ... While Loop
• Foreach Loop

Each and every loop requires the following 3 things in common.

1. Initialization: that sets a starting point of the loop
2. Condition: that sets an ending point of the loop
3. Iteration: that provides each level, either in the forward or backward direction

Direction

Syntax

For(initializar;Conition;iterator)
{
< statement >
}

Example

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConditionalStatementDemo
{
    class ForLoop
    {

        public void getdata()
        {

            for (int i = 0; i <= 50; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(i);
            }
        }
        public static void Main()
        {
            ForLoop f = new ForLoop();
            f.getdata();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

While Loop

Syntax

While(Condition)
{
< statement >
}

Example

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConditionalStatementDemo
{
    class WhileDemo
    {
        int x;
        public void whiledemo()
        {
            while (x <= 50)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(x);
                x++;
            }
        }
        public static void Main()
        {
            WhileDemo obj = new WhileDemo();
            obj.whiledemo();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

Do ... While Loop

Syntax

Do
{
< statement >
}
While(Condition)

Example 

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConditionalStatementDemo
{
    class DoWhileDemo
    {
        int x;
        public void does()
    {
        do
        {
            Console.WriteLine(x);
            x++;
        }
        while (x <= 50);

    }


        public static void Main()
        {
            DoWhileDemo obj = new DoWhileDemo();
            obj.does();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

In the case of a for and a while loop from the first execution there will be condition verification.

But in the case of a do .. while, the condition is verified only after the first execution, so a minimum numbrr of executions occur. In the case of for and while the minimum numbrr of executions will be zero whereas it is 1 in the case of a do-while loop.

Foreach Loop

It is specially designed for accessing the values of an array and collection.

Syntax

Foreach(type var in coll/Arr)
{
< statement >;
}

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