Google Geocoding API in Android Studio

Chhavi Goel
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Introduction:

In this article you will learn about the Google Geocoding API. Geocoding is the process of converting addresses into geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude). Reverse Geocoding is the process of converting geographic coordinates into a human-readable address. The Google Geocoding API provides a direct way to access these services via an HTTP request.

A geocoding API request has the following form: http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/output?parameters. In this article we will do Geocoding using JSON output.

The Geocoding request being used by me is:

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=place name entered&sensor=false

Step 1:

Go to "Layout" -> "New" -> "Layout resource file". Name this file "search_layout" and add the following code to it:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="#ffdbac">

<EditText

android:id="@+id/enter"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textSize="20dp"

android:hint="Enter the required Location...."

android:layout_marginTop="40dp"

android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"

android:layout_marginRight="20dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/search"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="130dp"

android:layout_marginTop="40dp"

android:text="Search"

android:background="@drawable/button_lay"

android:paddingRight="10dp"

android:paddingLeft="10dp"

</LinearLayout>

The layout looks like:

This layout has been designed to allow the user to enter the name of the required location.

Step 2:

Open "activity_main" and add the following code to it:

<ListView

android:layout_marginTop="60dp"

android:id="@android:id/list"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:scrollbars="vertical"/>

The layout looks like:

Step 3:

Create yet another layout file. Name it "list_layout" and add the following code to it:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="#e2e3c8">

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="vertical">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/lat"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textColor="#43bd00"

android:textSize="16sp"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:paddingTop="6dip"

android:paddingBottom="2dip"

<TextView

android:id="@+id/lng"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:paddingBottom="2dip">

</TextView>

</LinearLayout>

Step 4:

Right-click on your package name the select "New" -> "Java class". Name this class "Search" and add the following code to it:

package com.chhavi.googlegeocodingapi;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

public class Search extends Activity {

EditText enter;

Button b;

String place;

final Context context=this;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.search_layout);

enter=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.enter);

b=(Button)findViewById(R.id.search);

b.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

Intent i=new Intent(context,MainActivity.class);

place=enter.getText().toString();

i.putExtra("place",place);

startActivity(i);

}

});

}

Step 5:

Create one more Java class. Name this file "JSONParsering" and add the following code to it:

package com.chhavi.googlegeocodingapi;

import android.util.Log;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.StatusLine;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.json.JSONArray;

import org.json.JSONException;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class JSONParsering {

static InputStream input = null;

static JSONObject jobj = null;

static String json = "";

public JSONParsering() {

}

public JSONObject getJSONFromUrl(String url) {

try {

DefaultHttpClient req = new DefaultHttpClient();

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

HttpResponse res = req.execute(httpPost);

HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();

input = entity.getContent();

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

try {

BufferedReader read = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(

input, "iso-8859-1"), 8);

StringBuilder builderonj = new StringBuilder();

String line = null;

while ((line = read.readLine()) != null) {

builderonj.append(line + "\n");

}

input.close();

json = builderonj.toString();

} catch (Exception e) {

Log.e("Buffer Reader", "Error...... " + e.toString());

}

try {

jobj = new JSONObject(json);

} catch (JSONException e) {

Log.e("Parser", "Error while parsing... " + e.toString());

}

return jobj;

}

This class returns the JSON object for the URL passed.

Step 6:

Open "MainActivity" and add the following code to it:

package com.chhavi.googlegeocodingapi;

import android.app.ListActivity;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.AsyncTask;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.widget.ListAdapter;

import android.widget.ListView;

import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import org.json.JSONArray;

import org.json.JSONException;

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class MainActivity extends ListActivity {

private Context context;

private static String url="http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=";

private static final String TAG_RESULTS="results";

private static final String TAG_ADDRESS_COMPONENTS="address_components";

private static final String TAG_LONG_NAME="long_name";

private static final String TAG_SHORT_NAME="short_name";

private static final String TAG_TYPES="types";

private static final String TAG_FRORMATTED_ADDRESS="formatted_address";

private static final String TAG_GEOMETRY="geometry";

private static final String TAG_LOCATION="location";

private static final String TAG_LAT="lat";

private static final String TAG_LNG="lng";

private static final String TAG_LOCATION_TYPE="location_type";

private static final String TAG_VIEW_PORT="view_port";

private static final String TAG_NORTHEAST="north_east";

private static final String TAG_SOUTHWEST="south_west";

private static final String TAG_STREET_ADDRESS="street_address";

private static final String TAG_STATUS="status";

ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> jlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();

ListView listv ;

JSONArray results;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

Intent intent = getIntent();

String enter= intent.getStringExtra("place");

Log.i("place..",enter+"");

url=url+enter+"&sensor=false";

new Progress(MainActivity.this).execute();

}

private class Progress extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Boolean> {

private ProgressDialog dialog;

public Progress(ListActivity activity) {

Log.i("class progress", "constructor");

context = activity;

dialog = new ProgressDialog(context);

}

private Context context;

protected void onPreExecute() {

this.dialog.setMessage("Searching latitude and longitude");

this.dialog.show();

}

@Override

protected void onPostExecute(final Boolean success) {

if (dialog.isShowing()) {

dialog.dismiss();

}

Log.i("jasonlist",jlist.size()+"");

ListAdapter ad = new SimpleAdapter(context, jlist,R.layout.list_layout, new String[] { TAG_LAT, TAG_LNG }, new int[] { R.id.lat, R.id.lng });

setListAdapter(ad);

listv = getListView();

}

protected Boolean doInBackground(final String... args) {

JSONParsering jParser = new JSONParsering();

JSONObject jsonobj = jParser.getJSONFromUrl(url);

try {

results = jsonobj.getJSONArray(TAG_RESULTS);

if(results==null)

{

HashMap<String, String> hmap = new HashMap<String, String>();

hmap.put("TAG_LAT","Null");

hmap.put("TAG_LNG","Null");

}

else

{

for(int i = 0; i < results.length(); i++)

{

JSONObject c = results.getJSONObject(i);

JSONObject geometry = c.getJSONObject(TAG_GEOMETRY);

JSONObject location = geometry.getJSONObject(TAG_LOCATION);

Log.i("check",location.toString());

double lat=location.getDouble(TAG_LAT);

double lng=location.getDouble(TAG_LNG);

String latS=Double.toString(lat);

String lngS=Double.toString(lng);

HashMap<String, String> hmap = new HashMap<String, String>();

Log.i("check",latS+"");

hmap.put(TAG_LAT, "LATITUDE: "+latS + "");

hmap.put(TAG_LNG,"LONGITUDE: "+lngS+"");

jlist.add(hmap);

}

catch(JSONException e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.

getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);

return true;

}

The strings declared in the beginning of this class are some of the elements of the JSON document. I wanted to access the "lat" and "lng" elements in the location object. For reaching "lat" and "lng", the followig parsing is required: JSON obj-> results (JSON array)-> JSON obj->geometry (JSON obj)-> location (JSON obj)-> lat and lng element.

Step 7:

Finally, make the following changes in "AndroidManifest.xml":

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.chhavi.googlegeocodingapi"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

<uses-sdk

android:minSdkVersion="7"

android:targetSdkVersion="16" />

<application

android:allowBackup="true"