Answer: 

Normalization is the process of organizing the table's data in proper manner.

In other words Normalization is the process of breaking up data into a logical non-repetitive format that can be easily reassembled as a whole.

Normalization have 3 different forms namely 1Normal Form,2Normal Form,3Normal Form.

1Normal Form:

A table is said to be in 1NF if it satisfies the following rules.
 • The table must not contain any redundant groups of data
 • data must be broken up into the smallest units possible. In addition to breaking data up into the smallest meaningful values.

2Normal Form:

 A table is said to be in 2NF if it satisfies the following rules.
 • The table must be in 1NF
 • All the non-key column must depend on primary key.

3Normal Form:

A table is said to be in 3NF if it satisfies the following rules.
 • The table must be in 2NF
 • A non-key field should not depend on another Non-key field.
 • The data should not be derived further.

For ex:
Below table is in denormalize format:

CustomerName	Region	Product	Quantity	PerProduct	Total
Shivprasad Bist	India,Mumbai	Shirt	2	10	20
Raju Bist	India,Gujrat	Pant	2	30	60
Moosa Shaikh	India,Chennai	Pant	4	15	60
Feroz Shaikh	India,Gujrat	Shirt	2	10	20

Applying Normalization on this table.
1NF:After applying 1NF the table look like

CustomerFirstName	CustomerLastName	Country	State	Product	Quantity	PerProduct	Total
Shivprasad	Bist	India	Mumbai	Shirt	2	10	20
Raju	Bist	India	Gujrat	Pant	2	30	60
Moosa	Shaikh	India	Chennai	Pant	4	15	60
Feroz	Shaikh	India	Gujrat	Shirt	2	10	20

The customer Name is divided into two units like Customer FirstName and Customer LastName.
Region field is also divided into two units like Country and State.

2NF:After applying 2NF the table look like

CustomerFirstName	CustomerLastName	Country	State	Product	Quantity	PerProduct	Total
Shivprasad	Bist	1	1	2	2	10	20
Raju	Bist	1	2	1	2	30	60
Moosa	Shaikh	1	3	1	4	15	60
Feroz	Shaikh	1	2	2	2	10	20

CountryTable

CountryId	CountryName	StateId	StateName
1	India	1	Mumbai
		2	Gujrat
		3	Chennai

ProductTable

ProductId	ProductName
1	Pant
2	Shirt

For avoiding duplication Create a new master table of Country and Product.

3NF:After applying 3NF the table look like 

CustomerFirstName	CustomerLastName	Country	State	Product	Quantity	PerProduct
Shivprasad	Bist	1	1	2	2	10
Raju	Bist	1	2	1	2	30
Moosa	Shaikh	1	3	1	4	15
Feroz	Shaikh	1	2	2	2	10

A non key field Total is removed from the table. 

Regards,

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