Array, ArrayList, List and Dictionary in ASP.Net


Array, ArrayList, List and Dictionary all represent a collection of data but each are designed to satisfy differnt requirements. This article attempts to explain them with very basic examples; once you go this article I hope the next time you will feel a little more comfortable deciding what to choose and why.

Array

dataType[] myArray = new dataType[size];

  • Fixed number of array size
  • Strictly type-safe
  • Collection of elements of the same data type only
  • Elements are accessed by zero-based index
  • Array class is in the System Namespace (in other words, it is automatically available)
  • Values are assigned by assignment operator as in the following:

    int[] intArray = new int[5];
    intArray[0] = 2;
    intArray[1] = 4;

    intArray[2] = 6;

    intArray[3] = 8;

    intArray[4] = 10;
    intArray[5] = 12; //Run time error
    intArray[6] = "Hello";//Compile time error
    foreach (int i in intArray)
    {

        Console.WriteLine("From array " + i);

    }
        Console.WriteLine("From array " + intArray[6]); //Run time error           


ArrayList

ArrayList myArrayList = new ArrayList();
  • Size varies as required
  • Not type-safe
  • Collection of elements of the same or various data types
  • Reverse, Contains, Sort and a few other usefull methods are available that we don't get with Arrays
  • Useful when you are not sure about the size of the collection or you may need to have more than one data type in the collection
  • Elements are accessed by zero-based index
  • The data type of an ArrayList is an object type
  • Dictionary classes are in the System.Collections Namespace
  • Values are assigned by calling the Add method as in the following:
     

    ArrayList myArrayList = new ArrayList();

    myArrayList.Add(2);

    myArrayList.Add("OOPS");

    foreach (object obj in myArrayList)

    {

       Console.WriteLine("From arrayList " + obj.ToString());

    }

    Console.WriteLine("-------");


List

List<T> myList = new List<T>(); // T for data type
  • Size varies as required
  • Strictly type-safe
  • Collection of elements of the same data type only
  • Reverse, Contains, Sort and a few other useful methods are available that we don't get with Arrays
  • Useful if you want to have the features of both Array and ArrayList
  • Elements are accessed by zero-based index
  • Dictionary classes are in the System.Collections.Generic Namespace
  • Values are assigned by calling the Add method as in the following:
     

    List<int> intList = new List<int>();

    intList.Add(2);

    intList.Add(8);

    intList.Add(4);

    intList.Add(6);

    foreach (int i in intList)

    {

       Console.WriteLine("From List " + i);

    }


Dictionary

Dictionary<keyDataType, valueDataType> myCollection = new Dictionary<keyDataType, valueDataType>();
  • Size can vary
  • Can't have mixed data types, type-safe
  • The Collection is defined as a key-value pair
  • All of the keys must be of the same data type
  • All of the values must be of the same data type
  • Useful to deal with custom data type
  • Elements are accessed based on key
  • Dictionary classes are in the System.Collections.Generic Namespace
  • Key-Values are assigned by calling the Add method as in the following:

     Dictionary<string,Employee> Employees =new Dictionary<string,Employee>();

    Employee emp1 = new Employee("Emp01","Employee1");

    Employee emp2 = new Employee("Emp02","Employee2");

    Employee emp3 = new Employee("Emp03","Employee3");

    Employee emp4 = new Employee("Emp04","Employee4");

    Employee emp5 = new Employee("Emp05","Employee5");

    Employees.Add(emp1.empID, emp1);

    Employees.Add(emp2.empID, emp2);

    Employees.Add(emp3.empID, emp3);

    Employees.Add(emp4.empID, emp4);

    Employees.Add(emp5.empID, emp5);

    Console.WriteLine(Employees["Emp05"].getNameAndID());

    foreach (KeyValuePair<string,Employee> emp in Employees)

    {

       Console.WriteLine(emp.Key +"  >>>>>  " + emp.Value.empName);

       Console.WriteLine(emp.Value.ToString());

    }

     

        public class Employee

        {

            public string empID;

            public readonly string empName;

            public Employee(string empID, string name)

            {

                this.empID = empID;

                this.empName = name;

            }

     

        }

Up Next
    Ebook Download
    View all
    Learn
    View all