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Multi-threading in Java refers to the capability of a program to execute multiple threads concurrently within the same process. A thread in Java is a lightweight sub-process that can be used to perform separate tasks while sharing the same memory space. This allows for more efficient utilization of resources and can improve the overall performance of an application by leveraging the parallelism offered by modern processors.
One of the key benefits of multi-threading in Java is that it enables developers to perform multiple operations simultaneously, which is particularly useful for tasks like processing multiple requests, handling user interfaces, or improving the responsiveness of an application.
Here's a simple example to illustrate multi-threading in Java:
class MyThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
System.out.println("Thread running");
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyThread thread1 = new MyThread();
MyThread thread2 = new MyThread();
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}
In this example, two threads (`thread1` and `thread2`) are created by extending the `Thread` class. Each thread runs concurrently, and the output "Thread running" may be printed by each thread, demonstrating simultaneous execution.
It's crucial to manage synchronization and coordination between threads to prevent race conditions and ensure data consistency, which can be achieved using mechanisms like locks, synchronized blocks, and thread-safe data structures.
Overall, multi-threading in Java offers a powerful way to enhance the performance and responsiveness of applications by leveraging the parallel execution capabilities of modern computer systems.